AdArchive Application Profile

Purpose

To document how AdArchive data is modelled for compatibility with the wider LINCS data model. This document provides patterns used in the mapping of AdArchive data which correspond to the categories outlined in the LINCS Application Profile.

This document introduces class and property concepts as used in this specific context (LINCS and the AdArchive dataset), and are not complete definitions. Consult CIDOC CRM v. 7.1.1 documentation for full class and property descriptions.

Acronyms

Ontology Acronyms:

BIBFRAME - Bibliographic Framework
BIBO - Bibliographic Ontology Specification
CIDOC-CRM - CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model
FRBRoo - Object-Oriented Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records

Vocabulary and Authority Acronyms:

Event - The LINCS Event Vocabulary
IIIF - International Image Interoperability Framework
LCSH - Library of Congress Subject Headings
LCCW - Library of Congress Catalog Works
LINCS - LINCS minted entities
Schema - Schema.org
VIAF - The Virtual International Authority File
Wikidata - Wikimedia Knowledge Base
WorldCat - WorldCat Library Catalogue

note

Due to differences between FRBRoo and LRMoo and the expectation of the adoption of LRMoo when available, data is currently modelled using F2_Expression. This maintains the use of no classes planned for depreciation, while also providing a data model of minimal complexity as required by the data.

Main Classes

Entity Type	Class	Declaration Snippet (TTL)
Title	crm:E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation	`<title> a crm:E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation ; crm:P2_has_type <title_type> .`
Image	crm:E36_Visual_Item	`<IIIF_image> a crm:E36_Visual_Item .`
Periodical	frbroo:F2_Expression	`<AdArchive_Serial> a frbroo:F2_Expression ; crm:P2_has_type wikidata:Q1002697 .`
Issue	frbroo:F2_Expression	`<Issue> a frbroo:F2_Expression ; crm:P2_has_type wikidata:Q28869365 .`
Advertisement	crm:F2_Expression	`<advertisement> a crm:F2_Expression ; crm:P2_has_type wikidata:Q39911916 .`
Contents	crm:F2_Expression	`<contents> a crm:F2_Expression ; crm:P2_has_type <content_type> .`
Creation	crm:E65_Creation	`<creation> a crm:E65_Creation ; crm:P2_has_type <creation_type> .`
Creator	crm:E39_Actor, subclass E21_Person or E74_Group used where possible	`<AdArchive_Creator> a crm:E39_Actor ; crm:P2_has_type <creator_type> .`
Publication Frequency	crm:E29_Design_or_Procedure	`<issuing_rule> a crm:E29_Design_or_Procedure ; crm:P2_has_type wikidata:Q104480093 .`
Advertised Price	crm:E97_Monetary_Amount	`<price> a crm:E97_Monetary_Amount ; crm:P2_has_type<price_type> .`
Address	crm:E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation	`<address> a crm:E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation ; crm:P2_has_type wikidata:Q319608 .`
Phone Number	crm:E41_Appellation	`<phone_number> a crm:E41_Appellation ; crm:P2_has_type wikidata:Q214995 .`
Organization	crm:E74_Group	`<organization> a crm:E74_Group ; crm:P2_has_type <AdArchive_org_type> .`
Organization Formation	crm:E66_Formation	`<organization_formation> a crm:E66_Formation .`
Place	crm:E53_Place	`<AdArchive_Place> a crm:E53_Place .`
Coordinates	rdfs:literal	`rdfs:literal`

Overview Diagram

Below is an image of the application profile overview diagram. Follow this link for a zoomable, more readable version. The segments below align with the document sections.

Nodes

Basic Patterns

Identifiers

Titles

Definition: This pattern declares that a publication (such as a periodical, issue, article, etc.) is identified by a title.

Type of Value: literal value (text)

Expected Value: literal value (text) from the dataset

Format/Requirements for the Value: rdfs:literal

Example Values:

“Sex Issue”
“Women’s Traditional Arts : The Politics of Aesthetics”
“On Women and Violence”

Authorities Used:

publication_type: https://id.loc.gov/ontologies/bibframe.html, https://www.wikidata.org/
title_type: https://id.loc.gov/ontologies/bibframe.html, https://www.wikidata.org/

AdArchive Data Following this Pattern: Heresies is a publication; the newsletter being advertised; a specific issue of Heresies; a specific newsletter being advertised

Generalized Pattern in TTL:

<publication> a frbroo:F2_Expression ;  
	rdfs:label "<publication>" ; 
	crm:P2_has_type <publication_type> ; 
	crm:P1_is_identified_by <title> .

<title> a crm:E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation ; 
	rdfs:label "Title of <title>" ; 
	crm:P2_has_type <title_type> ; 
	crm:P190_has_symbolic_content "<title>" .

<publication_type> a crm:E55_Type ; 
	rdfs:label "<publication_type>" .

<title_type> a crm:E55_Type ; 
	rdfs:label "<title_type>" .

Sample Data in TTL:

@prefix bf: <http://id.loc.gov/ontologies/bibframe/> .
@prefix crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/> .
@prefix frbroo: <http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbroo/> .
@prefix lincs: <http://id.lincsproject.ca/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> ..
@prefix wikidata: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/> .

lincs:7w12DoyR2ZV a frbroo:F2_Expression ;
    rdfs:label "Heresies: A Feminist Publication on Art and Politics - Issue 4: Women's Traditional Arts : The Politics of Aesthetics"@en ;
    crm:P1_is_identified_by lincs:VSo6WPn5pul ;
    crm:P2_has_type wikidata:Q28869365 .

lincs:VSo6WPn5pul a crm:E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation ;
    rdfs:label "Title of Women's Traditional Arts : The Politics of Aesthetics"@en ;
    crm:P190_has_symbolic_content "Women's Traditional Arts : The Politics of Aesthetics"@en ;
    crm:P2_has_type bf:Title .

wikidata:Q28869365 a crm:E55_Type ;
    rdfs:label "issue"@en .

bf:Title a crm:E55_Type ;
    rdfs:label "title"@en .

Pattern/Structure Values	Definition	This pattern declares that a periodical was published according to a given schedule of frequency.
Pattern/Structure Values	Abstraction	`frbroo:F2_Expression → crm:P94i_was_created_by → crm:E65_Creation → crm:P33_used_specific_technique → crm:E29_Design_or_Procedure → crm:P2_has_type → crm` `wikidata:Q104480093` `→ crm:P43_has_dimension → crm:E54_Dimension → crm:P90_has_value → rdfs:literal → crm:P91_has_unit → crm:E58_Measurement_Unit`
Content Values	Type of Value	Uniform Resource Identifier (URI); literal value (integer)
	Expected Value	URI from an existing linked data authority; literal value (integer) from AdArchive dataset
	Format/Requirements for the Value	URI (preferably dereferenceable); rdfs:literal
	Example Values	<http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q567357>; “6”; “3”; “12”
Case Examples	Typical Example & Abstraction	New Political Science is published every three months (quarterly). `<wikidata:Q15745473> → crm:P94i_was_created_by → crm:E65_Creation → crm:P33_used_specific_technique → crm:E29_Design_or_Procedure → crm:P2_has_type → <wikidata:Q104480093> → crm:P43_has_dimension → crm:E54_Dimension → crm:P90_has_value → “4” → crm:P91_has_unit → <wikidata:Q567357`
Case Examples	Edge Case Example & Abstraction	N/A
Resource Links		N/A
Discussion Elements Pertaining to the Pattern		N/A
AdArchive Data Following this Pattern		N/A

Pattern/Structure Values	Definition	This pattern declares that an issue was created.
Pattern/Structure Values	Abstraction	`frbroo:F2_Expression → crm:P94i_was_created_by → crm:E65_Creation → crm:P14_carried_out_by → crm` `wikidata:Q20857976` `→ crm:P2_has_type → crm event:ProductionEvent, event:PublishingEvent, lincs:B1Gmq0t3eQR`
Content Values	Type of Value	Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
	Expected Value	URI from an existing linked data authority or minted by LINCS
	Format/Requirements for the Value	URI (preferably dereferenceable)
	Example Values	<http://id.lincsproject.ca/KPQ8x1wifxS>; <http://id.lincsproject.ca/cd8KPuwIeWv>; <http://id.lincsproject.ca/LXgGlXo7D0z>
Case Examples	Typical Example & Abstraction	The AdArchive dataset states that Issue 12 of Heresies was created by the Heresies Collective. `<worldcat:57511158> → crm:P94i_was_created_by → <lincs:P9Xiosc5LNS> → crm:P14_carried_out_by → <wikidata:Q20857976> → crm:P2_has_type → <event:ProductionEvent>`
Case Examples	Edge Case Example & Abstraction	N/A
Resource Links		Brown, S., Cummings, J., Drudge-Wilson, J., Faulkner, C., Lemak, A., Martin, K., Mo, A., Penancier, J., Simpson, J., Singh, G., Stacey, D., & Warren, R. (2020, July 14). The CWRC Ontology Specification 0.99.86. The Canadian Writing Research Collaboratory. https://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc.html# The Wikimedia Foundation. (2021). Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/
Discussion Elements Pertaining to the Pattern		N/A
AdArchive Data Following this Pattern		A specific issue is an issue of Heresies

Pattern/Structure Values	Definition	This pattern declares that an advertisement was created.
Pattern/Structure Values	Abstraction	`frbroo:F2_Expression → crm:P94i_was_created_by → crm:E65_Creation → crm:P2_has_type → crm` `event:ProductionEvent, aat:300213176` `→ crm:P14_carried_out_by → crm:E39_Actor`
Content Values	Type of Value	Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
	Expected Value	URI minted by LINCS
	Format/Requirements for the Value	URI (preferably dereferenceable)
	Example Values	`<http://id.lincsproject.ca/3QNAyS85IdG>;` `<http://id.lincsproject.ca/bspJWTWGH6a>;` `<http://id.lincsproject.ca/R7r9QpL5ZWd>`
Case Examples	Typical Example & Abstraction	The AdArchive dataset states that the Heresies 4 Diana Press Publications advertisement was created by Diana Press. `<lincs:LRK8dZhmUxZ> → crm:P94i_was_created_by → <lincs:qr7w6D9Rinl> → crm:P2_has_type → <event:ProductionEvent> , <aat:300213176> → crm:P14_carried_out_by → <viaf:298361182>`
Case Examples	Edge Case Example & Abstraction	N/A
Resource Links		The Getty Research Institute. (2017, March 7). Art & Architecture Thesaurus Online. https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/ Library of Congress. (2021, July 26). Library of Congress Names . https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names.html Library of Congress. (2018, December 19). Library of Congress Providers. https://id.loc.gov/entities/providers.html The Wikimedia Foundation. (2021). Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/
Discussion Elements Pertaining to the Pattern		N/A
AdArchive Data Following this Pattern		There is an advertisement that was created by an actor

Pattern/Structure Values	Definition	This pattern declares that contents of advertisements or issues were created.
Pattern/Structure Values	Abstraction	`frbroo:F2_Expression → crm:P94i_was_created_by → crm:E65_Creation → crm:P14_carried_out_by → crm:E39_Actor → crm:P2_has_type → crm:E55_Type`
Content Values	Type of Value	Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
	Expected Value	URI from an existing linked data authority or minted by LINCS
	Format/Requirements for the Value	URI (preferably dereferenceable)
	Example Values	<http://id.lincsproject.ca/cjdkt1aqAVA>; <http://id.lincsproject.ca/dSMXApmvZou>; <http://id.lincsproject.ca/dSf8w5YwZYw>
Case Examples	Typical Example & Abstraction	The AdArchive dataset states that the article “The Theater of Pirandello” was created by Antonio Gramsci. `<lincs:WMoawe4XJV3> → crm:P94i_was_created_by → <lincs:uTwmkKQMQbq> → crm:P14_carried_out_by → <wikidata:Q83003> → crm:P2_has_type → <event:ProductionEvent>`
Case Examples	Edge Case Example & Abstraction	The AdArchive dataset states that there is an issue of Conditions that was created by the group “Conditions (Organization)” in Autumn of 1977. `<lincs:o2OgP8u2kFq> → crm:P94i_was_created_by → <lincs:PgedOUIDU5c> → crm:P14_carried_out_by → <lincs:yio7e1bVqXC> → crm:P4_has_time_span → crm:E52_Time-Span → crm:P82_at_some_time_within → “Autumn 1977” → crm:P82a_begin_of_the_begin → “1977-01-01” → crm:P82b_end_of_the_end → “1977-12-31”`
Resource Links		Brown, S., Cummings, J., Drudge-Wilson, J., Faulkner, C., Lemak, A., Martin, K., Mo, A., Penancier, J., Simpson, J., Singh, G., Stacey, D., & Warren, R. (2020, July 14). The CWRC Ontology Specification 0.99.86. The Canadian Writing Research Collaboratory. https://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc.html# The Getty Research Institute. (2017, March 7). Art & Architecture Thesaurus Online. https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/ Library of Congress. (2021, July 26). Library of Congress Names . https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names.html Online Computer Library Centre, Inc. (2021). VIAF: The Virtual International Authority File. http://viaf.org The Wikimedia Foundation. (2021). Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/
Discussion Elements Pertaining to the Pattern		<content_type> can be: written contents (articles, intellectual content: event:ProductionEvent, aat:300054698); written contents (reviews: event:ProductionEvent, aat:300054698, aat:300054688 [optional]); written creative contents (poems, fiction: event:ProductionEvent, aat:300054698, aat:300404387 [optional]); artistic contents (art: event:ProductionEvent, aat:300404387, aat:300379398).
AdArchive Data Following this Pattern		A specific newsletter being advertised

Pattern/Structure Values	Definition	This pattern declares that serial works include individual parts such as issues.
Pattern/Structure Values	Abstraction	`frbroo:F2_Expression → crm:P148_has_component → frbroo:F2_Expression` `frbroo:F2_Expression → crm:P148i_is_component_of → frbroo:F2_Expression`
Content Values	Type of Value	Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
	Expected Value	URI from an existing linked data authority or minted by LINCS
	Format/Requirements for the Value	URI (preferably dereferenceable)
	Example Values	<http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1713208>; <http://worldcat.org/entity/work/id/57511158>; <http://id.lincsproject.ca/uLRDq6wshdc>
Case Examples	Typical Example & Abstraction	The AdArchive dataset states that the periodical Jump Cut, which is included in an advertisement in Heresies Issue 4, has a member called Jump Cut 16, which is an issue of Jump Cut. Inversely, Jump Cut 16 is a member of Jump Cut. `<wikidata:Q1713208> → crm:P148_has_component → <lincs:roM1UGkvZSS>` `<lincs:roM1UGkvZSS> → crm:P148i_is_component_of → <wikidata:Q1713208>`
Case Examples	Edge Case Example & Abstraction	N/A
Resource Links		Library of Congress. (2021, July 26). Library of Congress Catalog Works. https://id.loc.gov/resources/works.html Online Computer Library Centre, Inc. (2021). WorldCat. https://www.worldcat.org The Wikimedia Foundation. (2021). Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/
Discussion Elements Pertaining to the Pattern		N/A
AdArchive Data Following this Pattern		A specific issue is an issue of Heresies

Pattern/Structure Values	Definition	This pattern declares that individual issues include individual parts such as advertisements and other contents.
Pattern/Structure Values	Abstraction	`frbroo:F2_Expression → crm:P148_has_component → frbroo:F2_Expression` `frbroo:F2_Expression → crmP148i_is_component_of → frbroo:F2_Expression`
Content Values	Type of Value	Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
	Expected Value	URI from an existing linked data authority or minted by LINCS
	Format/Requirements for the Value	URI (preferably dereferenceable)
	Example Values	<http://worldcat.org/entity/work/id/38992393>; <http://id.lincsproject.ca/7w12DoyR2ZV>; <http://id.lincsproject.ca/20p34MlXl5U>;
Case Examples	Typical Example & Abstraction	The AdArchive dataset states that the Women’s Traditional Arts issue of Heresies has the Gaysweek advertisement as a component and inversely the Gaysweek advertisement is a component of the Women’s Traditional Arts issue. `<worldcat:38992393> → crm:P148_has_component → <lincs:7PlqZeTZksO>` `<flincs:7PlqZeTZksO> → crmP148i_is_component_of → <worldcat:38992393>`
Case Examples	Edge Case Example & Abstraction	N/A
Resource Links		Online Computer Library Centre, Inc. (2021). WorldCat. https://www.worldcat.org Library of Congress. (2021, July 26). Library of Congress Catalog Works. https://id.loc.gov/resources/works.html The Wikimedia Foundation. (2021). Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/
Discussion Elements Pertaining to the Pattern		N/A
AdArchive Data Following this Pattern		The advertisement and other contents are published in an issue

Pattern/Structure Values	Definition	This pattern declares that advertisements include individual parts such as text content elements.
Pattern/Structure Values	Abstraction	`frbroo:F2_Expression → crm:P165_incorporates → crm:E73_Information_Object → crm:P2_has_type → crm:E55_Type → crm:P190_has_symbolic_content → rdfs:literal`
Content Values	Type of Value	Uniform Resource Identifier (URI); literal value (text)
	Expected Value	URI from an existing linked data authority or minted by LINCS; literal value from the AdArchive dataset
	Format/Requirements for the Value	URI (preferably dereferenceable); rdfs:literal
	Example Values	“The Radical History Review, issued three time a year, publishes the best marxist and non-marxist radical scholarship in jargon-free English, scrutinizes conventional history, encourages controversy over current historical questions, interviews leading radical historians, suggests new ways of teaching history and stimulates theoretical discussion and political analysis.”; “Outside of the cultural field, features on Women & Infanticide, the Criminalization of Immigrant Women, Makeup as Mask, Anorexia Nervosa, Unionized Women vs. Surveillance Systems, Censorship & Women, Strippers Unionizing, and Media Access for Women have appeared in the past two years.”; “News you won’t find anywhere else.”
Case Examples	Typical Example & Abstraction	The AdArchive dataset states that the Heresies 11 The Radical History Review advertisement incorporates advertising copy with the symbolic content “The Radical History Review, issued three time a year, publishes the best marxist and non-marxist radical scholarship in jargon-free English, scrutinizes conventional history, encourages controversy over current historical questions, interviews leading radical historians, suggests new ways of teaching history and stimulates theoretical discussion and political analysis.” `<lincs:qMT4fWySbOE> → crm:P165_incorporates → lincs:i6VetuJDtL9 → crm:P2_has_type → <worldcat:797842> → crm:P190_has_symbolic_content →` `“The Radical History Review, issued three time a year, publishes the best marxist and non-marxist radical scholarship in jargon-free English, scrutinizes conventional history, encourages controversy over current historical questions, interviews leading radical historians, suggests new ways of teaching history and stimulates theoretical discussion and political analysis.”`
Case Examples	Edge Case Example & Abstraction	N/A
Resource Links		IIIF Consortium. (n.d.). International Image Interoperability Framework. https://iiif.io Online Computer Library Centre, Inc. (2021). WorldCat. https://www.worldcat.org The Wikimedia Foundation. (2021). Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/
Discussion Elements Pertaining to the Pattern		N/A
AdArchive Data Following this Pattern		Things being incorporated in an advertisement

Pattern/Structure Values	Definition	This pattern declares that an organization could be contacted at an address.
Pattern/Structure Values	Abstraction	`crm:E74_Group → crm:P74_has_current_or_former_residence → crm:E53_Place → crm:P1_is_identified_by → crm:E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation → crm:P190_has_symbolic_content → rdfs:literal → crm:P2_has_type → crm` `wikidata:Q319608`
Content Values	Type of Value	literal value (text)
	Expected Value	Literal value from the AdArchive dataset
	Format/Requirements for the Value	rdfs:literal
	Example Values	“WCA, 731 - 44th Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94121”; “Editorial Office Feminist: Japan, 6-5-8 Todoroki, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan 158”; “Fairview Park, Elmsford, New York 10523, USA”
Case Examples	Typical Example & Abstraction	The AdArchive dataset states that the Women’s Caucus for Art resides at a place identified by the address “WCA, 731 - 44th Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94121.” `<wikidata:Q8030842> → crm:P74_has_current_or_former_residence → crm:E53_Place → crm:P1_is_identified_by → crm:E33_E41_LinguisticAppellation → crm:P190_has_symbolic_content → “WCA, 731 - 44th Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94121” → crm:P2_has_type → <wikidata:Q319608>`
Case Examples	Edge Case Example & Abstraction	The address also serves as a contact point for the actor. `<wikidata:Q8030842> → crm:P76_has_contact_point →` `crm:E33_E41_Linguistic_Appellation → crm:P190_has_symbolic_content → “WCA, 731 - 44th Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94121”`
Resource Links		The Wikimedia Foundation. (2021). Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/ Online Computer Library Centre, Inc. (2021). VIAF: The Virtual International Authority File. http://viaf.org
Discussion Elements Pertaining to the Pattern		N/A
AdArchive Data Following this Pattern		The organization being advertised has an address

Pattern/Structure Values	Definition	This pattern declares that a place is identified by a geographic reference such as coordinates.
Pattern/Structure Values	Abstraction	`crm:E53_Place → crm:P168_place_is_defined_by → rdfs:literal`
Content Values	Type of Value	literal value (text)
	Expected Value	Literal value from the AdArchive dataset
	Format/Requirements for the Value	rdfs:literal
	Example Values	“37.774750, -122.505020”; “40.582110, -73.986980”; “41.928880, -87.649500”
Case Examples	Typical Example & Abstraction	The AdArchive dataset states that the Women’s Caucus for Art resides at a place which is located at the coordinates “37.774750, -122.505020.” `<lincs:y0cAxtVpahj> → crm:P168_place_is_defined_by → “37.774750, -122.505020”`
Case Examples	Edge Case Example & Abstraction	N/A
Resource Links		N/A
Discussion Elements Pertaining to the Pattern		N/A
AdArchive Data Following this Pattern		The organization being advertised is located at specific coordinates

Purpose​

Acronyms​

Main Classes​

Overview Diagram​

Nodes​

Basic Patterns​

Identifiers​

Titles​

Visual Representation​

Publications​

Creation​

Creation of Periodicals​

Frequency of Publication​

Creation of Issues​

Creation of Advertisements​

Creation of Issue & Advertisement Contents​

Groups, Part-Whole Relationships​

Issues of Periodicals​

Components of Issues: Advertisements & Contents​

Components of Advertisements​

Contents of Works​

Subject of Advertisement​

Advertised Price​

People and Organizations​

Contact Points​

Address​

Phone Number​

Groups (Organizations)​

Formation​

Places​

Geographies (Coordinates)​

Purpose

Acronyms

Main Classes

Overview Diagram

Nodes

Basic Patterns

Identifiers

Titles

Visual Representation

Publications

Creation

Creation of Periodicals

Frequency of Publication

Creation of Issues

Creation of Advertisements

Creation of Issue & Advertisement Contents

Groups, Part-Whole Relationships

Issues of Periodicals

Components of Issues: Advertisements & Contents

Components of Advertisements

Contents of Works

Subject of Advertisement

Advertised Price

People and Organizations

Contact Points

Address

Phone Number

Groups (Organizations)

Formation

Places

Geographies (Coordinates)